Oyster Cove is located in southern Tasmania, in the D'Entrecasteaux Channel region of the State. The town lies on the road from Cygnet to Snug, and is 18 kilometres east of Nichols Rivulet. It is also nearby to Kettering, from where the ferry service to Bruny Island originates.

Oyster Cove was the area around which the majority of the state's aboriginal population lived prior to settlement of South Eastern Tasmania by Europeans. White settlement forced the aborigines to abandon their dwellings close to the water, and to migrate westward into the hills.

The Oyster Cove area then served as a convict penitentiary in the 1840s, but poor sanitary conditions led to outbreaks of disease, as a result of which many lives were lost. White men left the area, at which time it returned to the ownership of the descendants of the original aboriginal inhabitants.

These aborigines lived in the dwellings that were built by the convicts, despite the conditions and the continued threat of disease. Truganini(PEP), believed to have been the last full blooded aboriginal alive in Tasmania, had her ashes scattered over the bay near Oyster Cove in 1976, one hundred years after her death.

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